Kemampuan berpikir kritis Anak Usia Dini dalam Pembelajaran Berbasis Sentra
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Abstract
Berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu keterampilan yang dibutuhkan anak-anak abad 21 mendatang. Keterampilan ini dapat dilatih dengan memberikan stimulasi yang tepat berupa model pendekatan pembelajaran yang dapat memantik kemampuan berpikir kritis anak, salah satunya dengan pendekatan sentra. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat penerapan pembelajaran berbasis sentra dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis anak usia dini berdasarkan hasil-hasil riset terdahulu melalui kajian dan analisa temuan dari studi empiris terbaru dalam bentuk artikel penelitian. Kajian ini menggunakan metode Systematic literature review dari 20 artikel yang diambil dari berbagai sumber utama data ilmiah seperti Google Scholar, Taylor & Francis, and Springer. Literatur terpilih dikurasi berdasarkan inklusi berikut: (1) diterbitkan dalam rentang waktu 8 tahun terakhir, (2) memiliki keterkaitan dengan topik berpikir kritis, anak usia dini dan pembelajaran berbasis sentra, (3) menggunakan metode penelitian yang jelas dan terstruktur serta (4) ditulis dalam Bahasa Indonesia dan Bahasa Inggris. Hasil tinjauan menunjukan pembelajaran berbasis sentra dapat memantik kemampuan berpikir kritis anak yang ditunjukan dalam bentuk bertanya, bereksplorasi, bekerjasama, memecahkan masalah dan mengambil Keputusan. Sikap anak juga terlihat lebih mandiri dan bertanggung jawab. Tinjauan kajian juga menunjukan adanya kendala yang ditemui di lapangan saat pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis sentra, antara lain kesiapan dan kemampuan guru dalam menerapkan pendekatan ini.
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