Pengaruh Metode Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah dengan Media Puzzle Geometric Shapes terhadap Kemampuan Visual Spasial Anak
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Abstract
Kemampuan visual spasial merupakan salah satu aspek krusial dalam perkembangan kognitif anak usia dini yang perlu distimulasi sejak dini. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh metode pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan media puzzle geometric shapes terhadap kemampuan visual spasial anak usia 5-6 tahun. Menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen dengan desain Nonequivalent Control Group Design, penelitian melibatkan 28 anak di TK Islam Al Azzam Kota Makassar yang dibagi menjadi kelompok eksperimen (14 anak) dan kontrol (14 anak). Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan dokumentasi, dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Hasil pre-test menunjukkan semua anak berada pada kategori Mulai Berkembang (MB). Setelah perlakuan, 64% anak kelompok eksperimen mencapai kategori Berkembang Sesuai Harapan (BSH), sedangkan 93% kelompok kontrol tetap pada kategori MB. Uji hipotesis kelompok eksperimen menghasilkan p-value 0,001 (<0,05), mengonfirmasi pengaruh signifikan metode tersebut. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa kombinasi pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan puzzle geometric shapes efektif mengembangkan kemampuan visual spasial melalui aktivitas pengimajinasian, pengonsepan, pemecahan masalah, dan pencarian pola.
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