Optimalisasi Higher Order Thinking Skills Anak Uisa Dini melalui Pemanfaatan Wordless Picture Book
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Abstract
Keterampilan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi (HOTS) perlu dikembangkan sejak dini karena perkembangan otak mencapai puncaknya pada usia 0–8 tahun. Penelitian ini mengkaji penggunaan buku bergambar tanpa teks (Wordless Picture Book/WPB) sebagai instrumen stimulasi HOTS pada anak usia dini. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) berbasis kerangka PRISMA, dengan menelusuri database Google Scholar, ERIC, Scopus, dan SpringerLink untuk publikasi tahun 2015–2024. Dari 309 artikel yang ditemukan, 30 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis secara tematik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan WPB secara konsisten menstimulasi empat dimensi HOTS utama, yaitu penalaran inferensial, berpikir kritis, konstruksi makna kreatif, dan penalaran evaluatif-etis. Efektivitasnya sangat ditentukan oleh kualitas mediasi pedagogis orang dewasa, relevansi budaya konten visual, serta kompetensi guru dalam teknik berbagi buku secara dialogis. Sebaliknya, dominasi pembelajaran berpusat pada guru, minimnya panduan berbasis bukti, dan kesalahpahaman tentang fungsi pedagogis WPB menjadi hambatan utama penerapannya. Kajian ini menegaskan pentingnya mengintegrasikan WPB secara sistematis ke dalam kurikulum PAUD Indonesia sebagai strategi berbasis bukti untuk menumbuhkan kapasitas kognitif tingkat tinggi sejak usia dini.
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