Picky Eating sebagai Tantangan Implementasi di PAUD Penyelanggara Program Makan Bergizi: Scoping Review 2016-2025
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Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan bukti ilmiah mengenai bagaimana program makan bergizi di PAUD dapat dirancang sebagai praktik pedagogis yang mendukung penerimaan makanan sehat pada anak usia dini dengan mempertimbangkan perilaku picky eating sebagai faktor implementasi. Penelitian menggunakan desain scoping review mengacu pada PRISMA-ScR. Artikel ditelusuri melalui basis data Scopus pada rentang publikasi 2016–2025. Dari 61 artikel yang teridentifikasi, sebanyak 10 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis menggunakan thematic synthesis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa picky eating dipengaruhi oleh faktor biologis, pengalaman makan awal, praktik pemberian makan, sensitivitas sensori, dan lingkungan makan anak. Keberhasilan program makan bergizi tidak hanya ditentukan oleh kualitas menu, tetapi juga oleh kegiatan makan yang dirancang sebagai pengalaman belajar untuk mengembangkan regulasi diri, kemandirian, interaksi sosial, dan pembiasaan perilaku hidup sehat. Oleh karena itu, program makan bergizi di PAUD perlu diposisikan sebagai bagian dari everyday pedagogy. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar guru, pengelola satuan PAUD, dan orang tua mengintegrasikan strategi responsive feeding, repeated exposure, serta kolaborasi yang berkesinambungan guna meningkatkan penerimaan makanan sehat dan membentuk kebiasaan makan sehat pada anak usia dini.
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