Pengaruh Model Problem-Based Learning dan Gardening Aktivity dalam Menstimulasi Perkembangan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris pengaruh model Problem-Based Learning (PBL) yang diintegrasikan dengan aktivitas berkebun (gardening) terhadap peningkatan kemampuan motoric kasar anak usia 5-6 tahun. Penelitian menggunakan desain kuasi-eksperimen tipe pretest-postest control group design yang melibatkan 40 anak dari dua lembaga PAUD, terdiri atas 20 anak kelompok eksperimen dan 20 anak kelompok kontrol. Data motoric kasar yang mencakup indicator lokomotor, manipulatif, dan stabilitas dikumpulkan menggunakan lembar observasi yang telah diuji validitas isi dan reliabilitasnya (Cronbach’s Alpha > 0,70). Analisis data dilakukan melalui uji paired t-test dan independent t-test pada taraf signifikansi 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelompok eksperimen mengalami peningkatan skor motorik kasar yang secara signifikan lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (p < 0,05). Peningkatan tersebut terjadi secara konsisten pada seluruh indicator motorik kasar yang menunjukkan bahwa integrasi PBL dengan aktivitas berkebun memberikan stimulasi motorik yang lebih efektif dibandingkan pembelajaran konvensional. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa model PBL-Gardening secara signifikan lebih efektif dalam menstimulasi perkembangan motoric kasar anak usia dini dan memiliki implikasi penting bagi pengembangan pembelajaran PAUD yang bersifat holistic dan berbasis pengalaman nyata.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
J. M. V. M. Filho, A. A. R. de Oliveira, V. M. S. de Bruin, R. B. Viana, dan P. F. C. de Bruin, “Influence of sleep on motor skill acquisition in children: a systematic review,” J. Sleep Res., vol. 34, no. 2, Apr 2025, doi: 10.1111/jsr.14309.
M. A. Mynttinen, K. E. Mishina, dan M. K. Kangasniemi, “Adolescents’ Perceptions and Experiences of Their Responsibilities for Their Alcohol Use—A Group Interview Study,” Children, vol. 8, no. 3, hal. 214, Mar 2021, doi: 10.3390/children8030214.
R. Figueroa dan R. An, “Motor Skill Competence and Physical Activity in Preschoolers: A Review,” Matern. Child Health J., vol. 21, no. 1, hal. 136–146, Jan 2017, doi: 10.1007/s10995-016-2102-1.
J. Cairney, D. Dudley, M. Kwan, R. Bulten, dan D. Kriellaars, “Physical Literacy, Physical Activity and Health: Toward an Evidence-Informed Conceptual Model,” Sport. Med., vol. 49, no. 3, hal. 371–383, Mar 2019, doi: 10.1007/s40279-019-01063-3.
D. W. Irvin, Y. Luo, J. M. Huffman, N. Grasley-Boy, B. Rous, dan J. H. L. Hansen, “Capturing talk and proximity in the classroom: Advances in measuring features of young children’s friendships,” Early Child. Res. Q., vol. 57, hal. 102–109, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ecresq.2021.05.003.
W. H. Organization, Guidelines on Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Sleep for Children Under 5 Years of Age. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 2019. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/311664/9789240001749-chi.pdf
S. Gündemir, A. E. Martin, dan A. C. Homan, “Understanding Diversity Ideologies From the Target’s Perspective: A Review and Future Directions,” Front. Psychol., vol. 10, hal. 282, Feb 2019, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00282.
R. Lukic, D. L. Olstad, P. K. Doyle-Baker, M. L. Potestio, dan G. R. McCormack, “Associations between neighbourhood street pattern, neighbourhood socioeconomic status and sleep in adults,” Prev. Med. Reports, vol. 22, hal. 101345, Jun 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101345.
G. Yıldırım dan G. Ö. Akamca, “The effect of outdoor learning activities on the development of preschool children,” South African J. Educ., vol. 37, no. 2, hal. 1–10, Mei 2017, doi: 10.15700/saje.v37n2a1378.
A. Supriyadi, “Pengaruh Model Outdoor Education Terhadap Keterampilan Motorik Kasar Untuk Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini,” J. Master Penjas Olahraga, vol. 1, no. 1, hal. 12–20, Apr 2020, doi: 10.37742/jmpo.v1i1.3.
S. Fernández-Carnero et al., “Evaluation of the Lower Trapezius Muscle Using Ultrasound Panoramic View (a Novel Approach): An Intra- and Inter-Rater Reliability Study,” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 17, no. 19, hal. 7123, Sep 2020, doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197123.
T. Paratiwi dan Z. H. Ramadhan, “Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Pembelajaran IPAS Kelas V Sekolah Dasar,” J. Educ. Action Res., vol. 7, no. 4, hal. 603–610, Des 2023, doi: 10.23887/jear.v7i4.69971.
T. Bastianello et al., “Short-Term Effects of an Outdoor Activities Intervention on Children’s Stress, Socio emotional, Behavioral, and Cognitive Regulation Skills,” Early Educ. Dev., vol. 36, no. 3, hal. 724–743, Apr 2025, doi: 10.1080/10409289.2024.2423387.
M. Y. C. A. Kek dan H. Huijser, Problem-based Learning into the Future, vol. 27, no. 2. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-2454-2.
D. M. Anggraeni, B. K. Prahani, N. Suprapto, N. Shofiyah, dan B. Jatmiko, “Systematic review of problem based learning research in fostering critical thinking skills,” Think. Ski. Creat., vol. 49, no. 7, hal. 101334, Sep 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.tsc.2023.101334.
A. Setianingsih dan I. N. Handayani, “Implementasi Media Loose Parts untuk Mengembangkan Aspek Motorik Halus Anak Usia Dini,” Aulad J. Early Child., vol. 5, no. 1, hal. 77–86, Mar 2022, doi: 10.31004/aulad.v5i1.301.
K. M. Gallagher dan J. P. Callaghan, “Early static standing is associated with prolonged standing induced low back pain,” Hum. Mov. Sci., vol. 44, hal. 111–121, Des 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2015.08.019.
J. Su, D. T. K. Ng, dan S. K. W. Chu, “Artificial Intelligence (AI) Literacy in Early Childhood Education: The Challenges and Opportunities,” Comput. Educ. Artif. Intell., vol. 4, hal. 100124, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.caeai.2023.100124.
N. Cahyati Ngaisah et al., “Permainan Tradisional Engklek sebagai Upaya Mengembangkan Motorik Kasar Anak Tunagrahita,” Murhum J. Pendidik. Anak Usia Dini, vol. 4, no. 1, hal. 74–85, Mar 2023, doi: 10.37985/murhum.v4i1.159.
E. Escolano-Pérez, C. R. Sánchez-López, dan M. L. Herrero-Nivela, “Early Environmental and Biological Influences on Preschool Motor Skills: Implications for Early Childhood Care and Education,” Front. Psychol., vol. 12, no. 11, hal. 14317–14334, Agu 2021, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.725832.
X. Liu et al., “Virtual Water Flow Pattern in the Yellow River Basin, China: An Analysis Based on a Multiregional Input–Output Model,” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 19, no. 12, hal. 7345, Jun 2022, doi: 10.3390/ijerph19127345.
J. Mann et al., “Getting Out of the Classroom and Into Nature: A Systematic Review of Nature-Specific Outdoor Learning on School Children’s Learning and Development,” Front. Public Heal., vol. 10, no. 4, hal. 196–206, Mei 2022, doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.877058.