Sentuhan Afektif Ibu dalam Proses Co-regulation Emosi Anak Usia Dini: Studi Fenomenologi
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Regulasi emosi merupakan fondasi penting dalam perkembangan sosial-emosional anak usia dini. Pada tahap ini, anak masih bergantung pada co-regulation yang diberikan oleh pengasuh utama, terutama ibu. Meskipun sentuhan afektif sering digunakan dalam pengasuhan sehari-hari, pengalaman ibu dalam menggunakan sentuhan afektif sebagai bagian dari proses co-regulation masih belum banyak dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengalaman ibu dalam melakukan co-regulation melalui sentuhan afektif dalam mendukung regulasi emosi anak usia dini. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain fenomenologi. Partisipan terdiri atas 12 ibu yang memiliki anak usia 5–6 tahun di Kota Padangsidimpuan dan dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan pedoman semi-terstruktur dan dianalisis menggunakan metode fenomenologi Colaizzi. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi empat tema utama, yaitu: (1) memberikan ruang kepada anak untuk mengekspresikan emosi sebagai tahap awal co-regulation; (2) sentuhan afektif sebagai inti proses co-regulation dalam menenangkan emosi anak; (3) komunikasi hangat sebagai penguat proses co-regulation; dan (4) berkembangnya regulasi emosi anak melalui pendampingan ibu yang dilakukan secara konsisten. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa co-regulation melalui sentuhan afektif merupakan proses relasional yang berlangsung secara bertahap, membantu anak mencapai ketenangan emosional, menerima komunikasi, dan mengembangkan kemampuan regulasi emosi.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
S. B. Geeraerts, P. M. Backer, dan C. A. Stifter, “It takes two: Infants’ moderate negative reactivity and maternal sensitivity predict self-regulation in the preschool years.,” Dev. Psychol., vol. 56, no. 5, hal. 869–879, Mei 2020, doi: 10.1037/dev0000921.
F. M. Lobo dan E. Lunkenheimer, “Understanding the parent-child coregulation patterns shaping child self-regulation.,” Dev. Psychol., vol. 56, no. 6, hal. 1121–1134, Jun 2020, doi: 10.1037/dev0000926.
B. Paley dan N. J. Hajal, “Conceptualizing Emotion Regulation and Coregulation as Family-Level Phenomena,” Clin. Child Fam. Psychol. Rev., vol. 25, no. 1, hal. 19–43, Mar 2022, doi: 10.1007/s10567-022-00378-4.
L. Della Longa, L. Carnevali, dan T. Farroni, “The role of affective touch in modulating emotion processing among preschool children,” J. Exp. Child Psychol., vol. 235, hal. 105726, Nov 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2023.105726.
L. Della Longa, L. Carnevali, E. Patron, D. Dragovic, dan T. Farroni, “Psychophysiological and Visual Behavioral Responses to Faces Associated with Affective and Non-affective Touch in Four-month-old Infants,” Neuroscience, vol. 464, hal. 67–78, Jun 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.07.053.
M. E. Augustine, E. M. Leerkes, A. Smolen, dan S. D. Calkins, “Relations between early maternal sensitivity and toddler self‐regulation: Exploring variation by oxytocin and dopamine D2 receptor genes,” Dev. Psychobiol., vol. 60, no. 7, hal. 789–804, Nov 2018, doi: 10.1002/dev.21745.
D. Zhu, F. T. Lozada, C. L. Smith, M. A. Bell, dan J. C. Dunsmore, “Maternal Emotion Coaching and Child Emotion Regulation: Within-Interaction Sequences in Early Childhood,” Affect. Sci., vol. 6, no. 2, hal. 214–223, Jun 2025, doi: 10.1007/s42761-024-00285-7.
Q. Wu, X. Feng, J. Yan, E. G. Hooper, M. Gerhardt, dan S. Ku, “Maternal emotion coaching styles in the context of maternal depressive symptoms: Associations with preschoolers’ emotion regulation.,” Emotion, vol. 22, no. 6, hal. 1171–1184, Sep 2022, doi: 10.1037/emo0000916.
V. Ornaghi, A. Pepe, A. Agliati, dan I. Grazzani, “The contribution of emotion knowledge, language ability, and maternal emotion socialization style to explaining toddlers’ emotion regulation,” Soc. Dev., vol. 28, no. 3, hal. 581–598, Agu 2019, doi: 10.1111/sode.12351.
J. W. Creswell dan J. D. Creswell, “Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Research Designs,” in Fast Facts to Loving your Research Project, New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company, 2019. doi: 10.1891/9780826146373.0007.
J. W. Creswell dan C. N. Poth, Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 2018. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://www.ceil-conicet.gov.ar/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/CRESWELLQualitative-Inquary-and-Research-Design-Creswell.pdf
K. Peoples, How to write a phenomenological dissertation: A step-by-step guide. SAGE Publications, 2020. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=id&lr=&id=F2TRDwAAQBAJ
M. Tavakol, J. Sandars, dan C. C. Sharpe, “How to … Analyse Descriptive Phenomenological Data in Health Professions Education,” Clin. Teach., vol. 23, no. 3, Jun 2026, doi: 10.1111/tct.70441.
T. L. Spinrad, A. S. Morris, dan S. S. Luthar, “Introduction to the special issue: Socialization of emotion and self-regulation: Understanding processes and application.,” Dev. Psychol., vol. 56, no. 3, hal. 385–389, Mar 2020, doi: 10.1037/dev0000904.
L. Della Longa dan T. Farroni, “The impact of affective touch on physiological self-regulation among preschool-age children: The influence of emotional context and effortful control,” Int. J. Behav. Dev., vol. 50, no. 2, hal. 200–212, Mar 2026, doi: 10.1177/01650254251324157.
S. Carozza dan V. Leong, “The Role of Affectionate Caregiver Touch in Early Neurodevelopment and Parent–Infant Interactional Synchrony,” Front. Neurosci., vol. 14, Jan 2021, doi: 10.3389/fnins.2020.613378.
V. Peisch, C. Dale, J. Parent, dan K. Burt, “Parent Socialization of Coping and Child Emotion Regulation Abilities: A Longitudinal Examination,” Fam. Process, vol. 59, no. 4, hal. 1722–1736, Des 2020, doi: 10.1111/famp.12516.
C. Qiu dan K. K. Shum, “Emotion Coaching Intervention for Chinese Mothers of Preschoolers: A Randomized Controlled Trial,” Child Psychiatry Hum. Dev., vol. 53, no. 1, hal. 61–75, Feb 2022, doi: 10.1007/s10578-020-01101-6.
E. Lunkenheimer, M. L. Sturge-Apple, dan M. R. Kelm, “The importance of parent self-regulation and parent–child coregulation in research on parental discipline,” Child Dev. Perspect., vol. 17, no. 1, hal. 25–31, Mar 2023, doi: 10.1111/cdep.12470.
U. Pauli-Pott, S. Schloß, dan K. Becker, “Maternal Responsiveness as a Predictor of Self-Regulation Development and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Symptoms Across Preschool Ages,” Child Psychiatry Hum. Dev., vol. 49, no. 1, hal. 42–52, Feb 2018, doi: 10.1007/s10578-017-0726-z.
I. N. Nasution dan D. Septiani, “Perkembangan regulasi emosi anak dilihat dari peran keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan,” Psychopolytan J. Psikol., vol. 1, no. 1, hal. 23–30, 2017, [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://jurnal.univrab.ac.id/index.php/psi/article/view/330.