Strategi Kurikulum dan Pendekatan Pedagogis dalam Menumbuhkan Nilai Patriotisme pada Pendidikan Dasar melalui Perspektif Komparatif
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Pendidikan merupakan pilar utama dalam pembentukan karakter dan nasionalisme, khususnya di tengah arus digitalisasi dan globalisasi yang berpotensi mengikis semangat patriotisme generasi muda. Penelitian ini melakukan studi komparatif terhadap strategi pendidikan dasar di Indonesia dan Malaysia dalam menanamkan nilai cinta tanah air. Analisis dilakukan melalui kajian kurikulum, praktik pedagogis, serta peran guru dan keluarga, dengan pendekatan kualitatif berbasis studi dokumen dan wawancara terpilih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua negara memiliki instrumen pendidikan yang relatif kuat dalam membangun karakter kebangsaan. Namun, Indonesia masih menghadapi tantangan dalam penguatan literasi digital dan keterlibatan keluarga, sedangkan Malaysia perlu meningkatkan literasi media untuk menghadapi pengaruh budaya luar. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pendidikan karakter berbasis nilai lokal dan integrasi literasi digital maupun media merupakan strategi penting untuk memperkokoh identitas nasional. Kontribusi utama penelitian ini adalah menawarkan perspektif baru dalam pendidikan patriotisme dengan mengintegrasikan pendekatan multikultural Malaysia dan kearifan lokal Indonesia. Artikel ini diharapkan dapat memberikan sumbangan teoritis dan praktis bagi pengembangan kebijakan pendidikan yang adaptif terhadap dinamika global, sekaligus memperkuat upaya menumbuhkan patriotisme sejak jenjang sekolah dasar.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
A. Tohri, A. Rasyad, M. Sururuddin, dan L. M. Istiqlal, “The urgency of Sasak local wisdom-based character education for elementary school in East Lombok, Indonesia,” Int. J. Eval. Res. Educ., vol. 11, no. 1, hal. 333, Mar 2022, doi: 10.11591/ijere.v11i1.21869.
M. J. Susilo, M. H. Dewantoro, dan Y. Yuningsih, “Character education trend in Indonesia,” J. Educ. Learn., vol. 16, no. 2, hal. 180–188, Mei 2022, doi: 10.11591/edulearn.v16i2.20411.
M. Kamal, N. N, S. Rozi, H. Putra, dan M. Rezi, “Culture-Based Education: An Alternative For Overcoming The Noble Value Degradation in Globalization Era,” in Proceedings of the Proceedings of The 1st EAI Bukittinggi International Conference on Education, BICED 2019, 17-18 October, 2019, Bukititinggi, West Sumatera, Indonesia, 2019. doi: 10.4108/eai.17-10-2019.2289743.
S. Aminin, M. Huda, W. Ninsiana, dan M. I. Dacholfany, “Sustaining Civic-Based Moral Values: Insights from Language Learning and Literature,” Int. J. Civ. Eng. Technol., vol. 9, no. 4, hal. 157–174, 2018, [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://iaeme.com/Home/article_id/IJCIET_09_04_018
L. Çam dan S. G. Yıldırım, “Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Vatanseverlik Değerine İlişkin Metaforik Algıları,” Milli Eğitim Derg., vol. 54, no. 245, hal. 509–546, Feb 2025, doi: 10.37669/milliegitim.1528480.
E. Karasu Avcı, A. A. Avcı, dan B. Ü. İbret, “Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenlerinin Vatanseverlik Değerinin Kazandırılmasına Yönelik Görüşleri,” İlköğretim Online, vol. 16, no. 4, hal. 1558–1574, Okt 2017, doi: 10.17051/ilkonline.2017.342974.
E. TARHAN dan H. MEMİŞOĞLU, “Vatandaşlık bağlamında sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının vatanseverlik algıları,” Int. J. Soc. Sci. Educ. Res., vol. 7, no. 3, hal. 235–252, Jul 2021, doi: 10.24289/ijsser.885069.
A. Muthohar, “Local Wisdom as a Character Education in The Era Of Disruption,” Eur. J. Humanit. Educ. Adv., vol. 3, no. 3, hal. 282–287, 2022, [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://scholarzest.com/index.php/ejhea/article/view/2031
W. Wahyudi, R. N. Setyowati, R. Usmi, dan M. Huda, “Civic Education in Border: Forms of Strengthening Nationalism for Indonesian-Malaysian Border Communities in Sebatik Island,” PAEDAGOGIA, vol. 27, no. 1, hal. 83, Feb 2024, doi: 10.20961/paedagogia.v27i1.84530.
P. Mahanani, “Educational Analysis to Develop Character in Malaysia and Indonesia,” Int. J. Instr., vol. 15, no. 3, hal. 377–392, 2022, [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://e-iji.net/ats/index.php/pub/article/view/326
N. Tussubha dan Hadiyanto, “Integrated Character Education Model in Early Childhood Education Based on Minangkabau Local Culture: Randai,” in Proceedings of the International Conference of Early Childhood Education (ICECE 2019), 2020, vol. 449, no. Icece 2019, hal. 5–12. doi: 10.2991/assehr.k.200715.002.
K. Kartowagiran, “Integrating the 21st Century Character Values for Elementary School Students,” İlköğretim Online, vol. 20, no. 2, hal. 33–43, Jan 2021, doi: 10.17051/ilkonline.2021.02.07.
F. Ariani, N. Ulfatin, A. Supriyanto, dan I. Arifin, “Implementing Online Integrated Character Education and Parental Engagement in Local Cultural Values Cultivation,” Eur. J. Educ. Res., vol. 11, no. 3, hal. 1699–1714, Jul 2022, doi: 10.12973/eu-jer.11.3.1699.
Chima Abimbola Eden, Onyebuchi Nneamaka Chisom, dan Idowu Sulaimon Adeniyi, “Parent and Community Involvement in Education: Strengthening Partnerships for Social Improvement,” Int. J. Appl. Res. Soc. Sci., vol. 6, no. 3, hal. 372–382, Mar 2024, doi: 10.51594/ijarss.v6i3.894.
Y. Zhi dan Z. Gao, “Research on the evaluation of the effect of moraleducation integration in college students physicaleducation classroom based on behavioral perceptionmodel.” 25 September 2025. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7315654/v1.
T. Yanyang, H. Ying, dan S. Hossain, “A Comparative Analysis of Parental Involvement in Home-Based Moral Education: Effects on Early Childhood Social and Emotional Competence.” hal. 1–24, 17 September 2025. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7226732/v1.
Q. Liu dan M. Gao, “Obstacles to parental involvement in children’s education,” Int. J. Innov. Educ. Res., vol. 10, no. 2, hal. 139–148, Feb 2022, doi: 10.31686/ijier.vol10.iss2.3659.
S. Bin Suraji, A. R. Ahmad, dan M. M. Awang, “Kesedaran Pelbagai Budaya dalam Pendidikan Awal Kanak-Kanak di Malaysia ( Nurturing of Patriotisme Values and Cultures,” in seminarserantau2017, 2017, no. 2012, hal. 1057–1063. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://seminarserantau2017.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/120-samni-bin-suraji.pdf
S. M. Nair dan R. P. Sinasamy, “Patriotism among Secondary School Students and Its Relationship with their Interests towards Learning History,” Asian J. Educ. Train., vol. 3, no. 2, hal. 110–117, 2017, doi: 10.20448/journal.522.2017.32.110.117.
U. Khasanah dan I. Lestari, “Strengthening Character Education: Strategies of Elementary Teachers in Fostering Nationalism and Patriotism among Elementary School Students,” Indones. J. Character Educ. Stud., vol. 1, no. 2, hal. 107–117, Jul 2024, doi: 10.64420/ijces.v1i2.192.
M. N. Mat Daud dan M. S. Ishak, “Penerapan Nilai Patriotisme di Malaysia: Satu Tinjauan Literatur,” Malaysian J. Soc. Sci. Humanit., vol. 7, no. 10, hal. e001729, Okt 2022, doi: 10.47405/mjssh.v7i10.1729.
M. R. Fadli, “Memahami desain metode penelitian kualitatif,” HUMANIKA, vol. 21, no. 1, hal. 33–54, Apr 2021, doi: 10.21831/hum.v21i1.38075.
A. Sakban dan D. Sundawa, “Character Education : Direction and Priority for National Character Development in Indonesia,” J. Kependidikan J. Has. Penelit. dan Kaji. Kepustakaan di Bid. Pendidikan, Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran, vol. 9, no. 3, hal. 794, Sep 2023, doi: 10.33394/jk.v9i3.7843.
M. Akbal, “Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan dalam Pembangunan Karakter Bangsa,” Gadjah Mada University Press Bekerjasama Dengan LAN RI. hal. 485–493, 2016.
T. Nida, “A lesson plan model for character education in primary education,” Educ. Res. Rev., vol. 14, no. 4, hal. 130–139, Feb 2019, doi: 10.5897/ERR2018.3616.
T. Lickona, Character matters (Persoalan karakter): Bagaimana membantu anak mengembangkan penilaian yang baik, integritas, dan kebajikan penting lainnya. Bumi Aksara, 2022.
I. Syamsi dan M. M. Tahar, “Cypriot Journal of Educational Local wisdom-based character education for special needs students in inclusive elementary schools,” Cypriot J. Educ. Sci., vol. 16, no. 6, hal. 3329–3342, 2021, doi: 10.18844/cjes.v16i6.656.
K. Kim dan C. J. Harris, “How Character Education Impacts Teachers,” Int. J. Multidiscip. Perspect. High. Educ., vol. 3, no. 1, hal. 45–67, 2018, doi: 10.5281/zenodo.2525827.
A. Z. Fitri, “Character Education Based on Reflective Pedagogical Paradigm and Its Effect on Conscience and Compassion of Students,” Eur. J. Psychol. Educ. Res., vol. volume-5-2, no. volume-5-issue-2-december-2022, hal. 77–87, Des 2022, doi: 10.12973/ejper.5.2.77.
A. Nasran dan M. Zahari, “Pembudayaan Nilai Patriotisme Melalui Mata Pelajaran Sejarah dalam Strategi Pengajaran Guru Sekolah Rendah : Satu Tinjauan Umum,” J. Wacana Sarj., vol. 8, no. 1, hal. 1–10, 2024, [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://spaj.ukm.my/jws/index.php/jws/article/view/576
R. Austin, Education The Utah State Board of Education. 2018. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED621888.pdf
S. Zarina et al., “Global Citizenship elements in Malaysian Primary School Curriculum towards Sustainable Development Goals ( SDGS ),” Ecol. Environ. Conserv., vol. 27, no. 1, hal. 178–186, 2021, [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354644345
C. Jan dan H. Keller, “Curriculum Beyond Exams : Why Students Need Creativity , Character , and Emotional Intelligence The Issue with Test-Focused Learning.” 2024. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED675259.pdf
J. Butcher, “Improving Civics Education Means Preserving America’s Character,” Cent. Educ. POLICY, no. 6061, 2021, [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://www.heritage.org/education/report/improving-civics-education-means-preserving-americas-character
G. Zeybek, “Technology Role Modeling of Teacher Educators and Technology Acceptance and Use of Teacher Candidates,” Int. J. Technol. Educ. Sci., vol. 9, no. 2, hal. 237–254, Mar 2025, doi: 10.46328/ijtes.614.
M. Taqi et al., “Cultivating Patriotism : A Nationalism Education Program for the Children of Indonesian Migrants in Malaysia,” Int. J. Progress. Sci. Technol., vol. 48, no. 2, hal. 602–607, 2025, doi: 10.52155/ijpsat.v48.2.6922.
H. Anuar, N. Anas, S. Ab. Aziz, R. Abd Karim, dan M. M. Ismail, “Value of Patriotism based on the Principles of the Rukun Negara in Islam: The Reality of a Plural Society in Malaysia 2018-2024,” Intellect. Discourse, vol. 33, no. 1, hal. 255–276, Jan 2025, doi: 10.31436/id.v33i1.2212.
E. A. Pascua, Digital Literacy and Transformation in ASEAN : A Call for Education Policy Reforms Executive Summary : Policy Recommendations : 2025. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/ASCC-RD_Policy-Brief_FoE-19_2025_Digital-Literacy-and-Transformation.pdf
B. Bulya dan S. Izzati, “Indonesia’s Digital Literacy as a Challenge for Democracy in the Digital Age,” J. Soc. Media, vol. 8, no. 2, hal. 640–661, Okt 2024, doi: 10.26740/jsm.v8n2.p640-661.
M. T. Hidayat, M. Khoirurrosyid, U. N. Apriani, dan N. P. Rahmawati, “Implementation of Character Education in Civics at PPWNI Klang, Malaysia,” in DJUANDA INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, 2023, hal. 1–7. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://ojs.unida.info/DIC/article/view/12714.