Efektivitas Metode Drill dalam Meningkatkan Kosakata Ekspresif Anak Autism Spectrum Disorder melalui Intervensi Pembelajaran Terstruktur
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Abstract
Anak dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) umumnya mengalami hambatan dalam perkembangan bahasa, khususnya pada kemampuan kosakata ekspresif. Intervensi yang terstruktur dan berulang diperlukan untuk mengoptimalkan kemampuan tersebut, salah satunya melalui metode drill. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh metode drill terhadap peningkatan kosakata ekspresif anak dengan ASD. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain pra-eksperimental one-group pretest–posttest. Sampel terdiri atas 10 anak ASD usia 3–12 tahun yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Pengukuran menggunakan instrumen Expressive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test (EOWPVT). Intervensi diberikan selama enam sesi, masing-masing berdurasi 30 menit dengan media flashcard. Analisis data menggunakan uji Paired Samples T-Test. Hasil menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifikan (p < 0,05), dengan rata-rata skor meningkat dari 38,30 menjadi 77,20. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa metode drill efektif dalam meningkatkan kosakata ekspresif anak dengan ASD. Implikasi penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode drill dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif intervensi yang sistematis dan aplikatif dalam terapi bahasa.
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