Pendekatan dan Media Pendidikan Karakter Anak Usia Dini: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis
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Abstract
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk merangkum dan menggambarkan kemajuan penelitian pendidikan karakter anak usia dini, dengan mengacu pada empat Research Questions (RQ) yang meliputi: pendekatan (RQ1); media (RQ2); prioritas nilai (RQ3); aktor utama pendidikan karakter (RQ4). Penelitian ini menerapkan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) berbasis PRISMA 2020 melalui database Scopus. Hasilnya ditemukan 86 dokumen awal yang diseleksi secara bertahap sehingga memperoleh 27 artikel periode 2014-2025 yang layak dikaji. Temuan penelitian ini yaitu: pendekatan berbasis permainan sering digunakan dibandingkan pendekatan lain dan hasilnya efektif; media berbasis kearifan lokal sering diimplementasikan dan hasilnya efektif, namun media digital jarang digunakan karena keterbatasan fasilitas; nilai universal dan nilai berbasis budaya menjadi nilai utama yang diterapkan, namun ada perbedaan prioritas nilai antara guru dan orang tua; guru, orang tua, dan masyarakat atau komunitas adalag pilar pendidikan karakter yang berdampak signifikan jika bekerja sama dengan baik. Hasil penelitian ini melahirkan sintesis penelitian berupa MAPS Integration Strategy (Main Actors, Approach, Principles, dan Strategic Media) untuk optimalisasi pendidikan karakter anak usia dini yang holistik dan berbasis budaya.
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