Play-Based Unplugged untuk Mendukung Pembelajaran STEAM pada Anak Usia Dini
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Abstract
Penelitian ini membahas kebutuhan yang semakin meningkat untuk mengintegrasikan pemikiran komputasional (CT) ke dalam pendidikan anak usia dini dengan cara yang sesuai dengan perkembangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkonseptualisasikan dan menyempurnakan kerangka kerja pedagogis yang mengintegrasikan pembelajaran berbasis bermain dan pemikiran komputasional tanpa perangkat digital untuk mendukung pembelajaran STEAM di usia dini. Pendekatan penelitian berbasis desain kualitatif digunakan melalui siklus iteratif desain, implementasi, observasi, dan penyempurnaan di kelas anak usia dini. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi kelas yang direkam video, catatan lapangan, jurnal reflektif guru, artefak anak-anak, dan diskusi kelompok fokus. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa konstruksi CT seperti decomposition, pattern recognition, abstraction, algorithmic thinking muncul secara alami dalam skenario bermain terstruktur ketika didukung oleh perancah guru yang disengaja. Analisis interaksi menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan CT dimediasi secara sosial melalui dialog, pemecahan masalah kolaboratif, dan keterlibatan material daripada bergantung pada alat digital. Studi ini menghasilkan kerangka kerja pedagogis yang disempurnakan yang terdiri dari desain bermain terstruktur, perancah strategis, dan mediasi material nyata untuk memperkuat kompetensi STEAM di usia dini.
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